Estate Planning for High-Net-Worth Families
New York, New Jersey & Ohio
Trusts, asset protection, and tax-efficient wealth transfer strategies for families with complex estates. This guide covers the state-specific rules that matter most.
By Drew Jacobs, Esq. · Licensed in NY, NJ & OH · Last updated April 2026
Plan Your Legacy →Quick Summary
High-net-worth families in New York, New Jersey, and Ohio face distinct estate tax rules, probate procedures, and trust opportunities. New York's estate tax cliff can result in taxation of the entire estate if it exceeds 105% of the state exemption. New Jersey retains an inheritance tax despite repealing its estate tax. Ohio has no state estate tax but presents specific probate considerations. The federal exemption is scheduled to decrease significantly in 2026, making proactive planning critical.
State-by-State Comparison
| Factor | New York | New Jersey | Ohio |
|---|---|---|---|
| State Estate Tax | Yes, with cliff provision at 105% of exemption | Repealed in 2018 | Repealed in 2013 |
| Inheritance Tax | No | Yes, varies by beneficiary class (11-16%) | No |
| Probate Process | Surrogate's Court; can be lengthy for contested estates | Surrogate's Court; relatively streamlined | Probate Court; transfer-on-death designations available |
| Income Tax on Trusts | Taxes trusts administered in NY or with NY trustees | Taxes trusts with NJ grantor or resident trustees | Taxes trusts with OH resident beneficiaries |
| Key Planning Concern | Estate tax cliff; trust situs planning | Inheritance tax for non-exempt beneficiaries | Federal estate tax; probate avoidance |
Trust Structures for High-Net-Worth Families
Revocable Living Trust
Avoids probate and provides privacy. The grantor retains control during their lifetime. Does not provide estate tax benefits but simplifies asset transfer at death.
Irrevocable Life Insurance Trust (ILIT)
Removes life insurance proceeds from the taxable estate. The trust owns the policy, and proceeds pass to beneficiaries free of estate tax. Requires careful administration of Crummey notices.
Grantor Retained Annuity Trust (GRAT)
Transfers future appreciation of assets to beneficiaries with minimal gift tax cost. The grantor receives annuity payments for a set term, and remaining assets pass to beneficiaries at the end.
Dynasty Trust
Designed to last multiple generations while avoiding estate tax at each generational transfer. Uses the generation-skipping transfer (GST) tax exemption. Requires careful state selection for trust situs.
Domestic Asset Protection Trust (DAPT)
Protects assets from future creditors while allowing the grantor to remain a discretionary beneficiary. Not available in all states; Ohio is among the states that permit self-settled asset protection trusts.
Qualified Personal Residence Trust (QPRT)
Transfers a primary residence or vacation home to beneficiaries at a reduced gift tax value. The grantor retains the right to live in the property for a set term.
The 2026 Federal Exemption Sunset
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 roughly doubled the federal estate and gift tax exemption. That increase is scheduled to sunset at the end of 2025, meaning the exemption will drop to approximately half its current level, adjusted for inflation.
For families with estates near or above the reduced exemption, the window to lock in the higher exemption through lifetime gifts and trust funding is closing. The IRS has confirmed that gifts made under the higher exemption will not be clawed back after the sunset, making 2025 and early 2026 a critical planning period.
Action Items Before the Sunset
- Evaluate whether lifetime gifts can lock in the current higher exemption
- Consider funding irrevocable trusts before the exemption decreases
- Review existing estate plans for exposure under the reduced exemption
- Assess whether GRAT or ILIT strategies are appropriate for your situation
- Coordinate with your financial advisor and CPA on implementation timing
What We Handle
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Fixed-fee estate planning for high-net-worth families. Licensed in New York, New Jersey, and Ohio.
